Materials Database
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AR500 Steel
| Type | Carbon Steel |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 30 x 10^6 psi |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 |
| Density | 0.29 lb/in^3 |
| Ultimate Tensile Strength | 225 ksi |
| Tensile Yield Strength | 200 ksi |
| Brinell Hardness | 450 HB |
| Rockwell Hardness | C48 |
| Elongation at Break | 12% |
| Familiar Sellers | McMaster Carr, MakeItRingTargets, Alro Steel, SendCutSend |
Material Description:
- High strength, ultra wear resistant steel used in body armor and shooting targets
- Hardened steel is difficult to machine, is typically only used for Waterjet parts
- Typically used for weapons due to it's high strength, toughness, and relatively high hardness
- Anecdotal experience from builders says that AR500 typically bends before it fractures
- Will rust over time when wet or exposed to moist air
Aluminum 6061-T6
| Type | Aluminum Alloy |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 10^7 psi |
| Shear Modulus | 3800 ksi |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.33 |
| Density | 0.0984 lb/in^3 |
| Ultimate Tensile Strength | 45 ksi |
| Tensile Yield Strength | 39 ksi |
| Fracture Toughness (T-L dir) | 26.4 ksi-in½ |
| Brinell Hardness | 93 HB |
| Rockwell Hardness | B52 |
| Elongation at Break | 10% |
| Machinability (Vs. 1112 Steel) | 270% |
| Familiar Sellers | McMaster Carr, Midwest Steel Supply, SendCutSend |
Material Description:
- Lightweight aluminum alloy that comes already pre-heat-treated T6 temper which gives it its strength
- Beware of tempers T4 and O which are weaker than 6061-T6
- Typically used for frame rails, plates, pulleys, and armor for some bots
- Tends to fail in bending before fracturing
- Tends to "ablate" and may take gashes when hit directly by weapons
- Easy to machine and relatively cheap
Aluminum 7075-T6
| Type | Aluminum Alloy |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 10^7 psi |
| Shear Modulus | 3800 ksi |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 |
| Density | 0.102 lb/in^3 |
| Ultimate Tensile Strength | 81 ksi |
| Tensile Yield Strength | 69 ksi |
| Fracture Toughness (T-L dir) | 22.8 ksi-in½ |
| Brinell Hardness | 150 HB |
| Rockwell Hardness | B87 |
| Elongation at Break | 7.9% |
| Machinability (Vs. 1112 Steel) | 170% |
| Familiar Sellers | McMaster Carr, Midwest Steel Supply, SendCutSend |
Material Description:
- Aerospace grade aluminum alloy which is much stronger and harder than 6061-T6
- Pre-heat-treated to T6 temper
- Past and anecdotal experience notes that it tends to fracture before it bends
- Some builders recommend avoiding using it as armor or for parts that take direct hits due to fracture risk
- Relatively easy to machine and is more expensive than 6061-T6
Grade 5 Titanium (Ti-6Al-4V)
| Type | Titanium Alloy |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 10^7 psi |
| Shear Modulus | 5800 ksi |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 |
| Density | 0.160 lb/in^3 |
| Ultimate Tensile Strength | 131-150 ksi |
| Tensile Yield Strength | 120-140 ksi |
| Fracture Toughness (T-L dir) | 22.8 ksi-in½ |
| Brinell Hardness | 310 HB |
| Rockwell Hardness | C34 |
| Elongation at Break | 6.7% |
| Machinability (Vs. 1112 Steel) | 20% |
| Familiar Sellers | McMaster Carr, SendCutSend, TMS Titanium |
Material Description:
- High strength and high toughness alloy
- Typically sold and used in its annealed state for high toughness
- Typically used for armor, structural plates, sometimes weapons, it's pretty versatile material overall
- Very expensive
- Very difficult to machine due to work hardening properties
Data Sources
- AR500 Steel: SendCutSend, McMaster Carr, Steel Warehouse
- Al 6061-T6: SendCutSend, Matweb, Machining Doctor
- Al 7075-T6: SendCutSend, Matweb, Machining Doctor
